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Important define of magnetic properties of material CBSE class 12 physics

In this class we discuss about important terms used to describe the magnetic properties of material CBSE class 12 physics.

Following properties we discuss in this class:

  1. Magnetising field
  2. Magnetic induction
  3. Magnetising field intensity
  4. Magnitisation
  5. Magnetic susceptibility
  • Types of Magnetic susceptibility 
  1. Paramagnetic material
  2. Diamagnetic material
  3. Ferromagnetic material   

1. Magnitising fields 

Magnetic material is placed in vacuum it induced the magnetism which is called magnetising field.

Ex: when a solenoid carrying current is placed in a vacuum magnetic field is set up in the solenoid, the field is called magnetising field.  

2. Magnetic induction

The total magnetic field inside a magnetic material is the sum of external magnetising field and additional magnetic field produce due to magnetisation of material and its called magnetic induction. 

3. Magnetising field intensity

The ability of magnetising field to magnetise a material is called magnetising field intensity or magnetic intensity.

  • It is denoted by; H.

4. Magnetisation

The magnetic moment developed per unit volume of a material when placed in a magnetising field is called magnetisation.

5. Magnetic susceptibility

It is defenders the ratio of intensity of magnetization to the magnetising field better reflects a material degrade of sensitivity to the magnetic field. 

There are three types of Magnetic susceptibility.

1. Paramagnetic material

They are magnetic material line along the direction of magnetic field these magnetic material have magnetic susceptibility greater than zero and they are temperature dependent and weekly attract by magnet.
  • Magnetic susceptibility > 0
  • Temperature dependent
  • Weakly attract by magnets
  • 1.001 < relative permeability < 1.003
  • Ex: Alkaline Earth Metals, aluminium, oxygen etc. 

2. Diamagnetic material

  • Magnetic susceptibility < 0
  • Temperature independent
  • Strongly repelled by magnets
  • Relative permeability = constant
  • Align opposite to the direction of magnetic field.

  • Ex: gold, tin, mercury etc.

3. Ferromagnetic material

  • Highly magnetism in the presence of magnetic field
  • Temperature dependent 
  • Strongly attract by magnets
  • 1000 < relative permeability  < 10000 
  • Ex: cobalt, nickel, soft iron etc.

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